Discover the Ancient Italian City Carved from Rock (One of the Oldest Globally)
The town of Matera, etched directly into stone, stands as one of Italy’s most recognizable attractions. This historic settlement features distinctive architecture and holds some of the region’s most remarkable cultural treasures. Overflowing with heritage and customs, it reflects remnants left behind by various civilizations throughout its long existence.
The "City of the Sassi," Matera Matera stands as the longest continuously inhabited town in Italy. Situated at the center of the Basilicata area in southern part of the nation, this city attracts visitors with its distinctive rock-cut architecture and significant influence on Italian culture nationwide. Among its earliest relics are remnants from the Stone Age, which places it among some of the world’s oldest known human communities.
Are you interested in visiting Italy? Here are some pieces to assist you with planning out your trip :
- The Aeolian Islands: 7 Hidden Gems Off the Coast of Sicily Worth Discovering
- One of Italy's most stunning architectural marvels and a emblem of the Italian Renaissance.
- This route in the Dolomites will lead you through stunning vistas.
- The Top 15 Most Stunning Beaches in Italy for This Summer Enjoyment
The heart of humanity
The presence of ancient structures within the city demonstrates that Matera has been inhabited by humans for nearly 12,000 years. Established as Matheola by a Roman official in 251 BC, the town has provided refuge to various groups over the centuries up till the 15th century. th Throughout the centuries, various groups such as the Lombards, Byzantines, Arabs, and Ottomans inhabited the city. Each group introduced their distinct cultures and lifestyles, leaving behind enduring legacies that outlasted themselves.
In 1514, Matera began to assume an important role. Owing to its distance from prominent Italian cities, the nobility abandoned the area, leaving the residents to organize collectively amidst severe economic hardship and find ways to survive on their own. Consequently, during this time, the community relied heavily on age-old traditions. troglodyte The residences underwent redevelopment, and new caves called Sassi were constructed directly on the mountain slope. For over four hundred years, the Sassi Matera turned into the emblem of a disadvantaged area, standing in stark contrast to a thriving Italy.
A mix of modernity and ancient charm
Initiated in 1950 by the Italian government, the Matera urban renewal initiative has revitalized the city. Its primary aim is to rejuvenate the area while maintaining its distinctive charm and beauty. Upon arriving in Matera, one immediately senses its distinct ambiance. Winding pedestrian-only lanes showcase an array of architectural styles among the homes. Standing atop the ramparts offers stunning vistas of the picturesque Italian landscape—a harmonious blend of expansive verdant fields and mountainous terrain.
Matera is increasingly engaging with the global community through its profound historical heritage. In 1993, the town's Sassi and rock churches were designated as UNESCO The location has been named a World Heritage Site, and in 2019, this historic city will receive the designation as "European Capital of Culture," solidifying its position on the global scene. Tourism in Matera thrives due to its charmingly rustic ambiance and uniquely preserved traditions.
Locations to visit in Matera
The Sassi of Matera
The town's primary attraction, the Sassi In Matera, you'll find structures that are dug into the mountainside, featuring bright white facades and window openings. The interiors are equally inventive, with furnishings sculpted directly from the stone and intricate carvings etched onto the walls. These cave-like homes can often be explored for mere pennies. While some remain intact in their authentic condition, others have undergone complete renovation to serve as temporary residences or tiny artisan workshops.
The Palombaro Longo, the cistern in Matera
Perched atop a limestone hill distant from any flowing stream, Matera has utilized an extensive subterranean system of channels connected to a massive reservoir for collecting rainfall over many generations... this site remains open for exploration. Explore beneath the heart of the town through various walkways and passages to uncover the methods employed in purifying the gathered water before distributing it among the residents.
The Luigi Guerricchio belvedere
After visiting the underground passages, time to head for the roofs of Matera. From this immense terrace, you can enjoy an almost bird’s-eye view of the town centre and its many stone houses. This is the perfect place to rest during your expedition, and to capture the moment with some excellent shots.
The Duomo Cathedral of Matera
Named Madonna della Bruna e di Sant'Eustachio This massive structure ranks among the most stunning in the area. Situated at the pinnacle of the city, the Romanesque cathedral is distinguished by its elaborate embellishments and a ceiling featuring a mix of carvings and artwork. Towards the rear, visitors can admire a large stone altar and an intricate mural, remnants from the original medieval decor.
The Matera Cathedral
Piazza Duomo, 75100 Matera MT, Italy
+39 0835 332908
The canyon
Beneath the town lies a significant fissure in the ground, which serves as an excellent beginning spot for several impressive hiking trails. A robust suspension bridge allows you to traverse it. Beyond the bridge, a trail leads to the area’s most ancient cave dwellings—dating from prehistoric eras. Above the site stands a church constructed completely out of stone, offering panoramic views of Matera when viewed externally.